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Gujarat Sultanate

46 reference entries captured from the article’s notes and bibliography.

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  1. 1. ↑Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). _A Historical atlas of South Asia_. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p.147, map XIV.4 (f). ISBN0226742210.

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  2. 2. ↑Dhir, Krishna S. (1 January 2022). _Urdu: A Multidisciplinary Analysis_. Motilal Banarsidass. p.498. ISBN978-81-208-4301-1.

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  3. 3. 1Sudipta Mitra (2005). _Gir Forest and the Saga of the Asiatic Lion_. Indus Publishing. p.14. ISBN978-81-7387-183-2.

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  4. 4. ↑Misra, Satish Chandra (May 1995). _Rise of Muslim Power in Gujarat: History of Gujarat 1298-1442_. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Limited. p.138. ISBN978-81-215-0169-9. In the very beginning, Sikandar writes that the Tanks and Khatris were brothers and that their customs and practices resembled very greatly, yet the former were expelled by the latter due to their fondness for drinking; and since that time, they came to be known as Tank or expelled

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  5. 5. 1Kapadia, Aparna (2018). _In Praise of Kings: Rajputs, Sultans and Poets in Fifteenth-century Gujarat_. Cambridge University Press. p.120. ISBN9781107153318. Udayaraja's genealogy of the Gujarati sultans also begins with its founder Muzaffar Shah. The opening line links the rulers to the solar dynasty, thus granting them authentic Kshatriya status: The auspicious solar lineage emerged from the sun. This lineage was revered and considered exemplary by kings. Muzaffar Shah was indeed the first of these. This claim of the sultans' links with the solar lineage is not found very often in texts and inscriptions they patronised, though the Gujarati historian Sikandar does narrate the story of their ancestors having once been Hindu 'Tanks', a branch of Khatris who traced their descent from the dynasty of 'Ramacandra whom the Hindus worship as God'...The regional sultans were thus indigenous M

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  6. 6. ↑Khān, ʻAlī Muḥammad (1965). _Mirat-i-Ahmadi: a Persian history of Gujarat. English translation, translated from the Persian original of Ali Muhammad Khan, by M.F. Lokhandwala_ (in Persian). Oriental Institute.

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  7. 7. ↑Hambly, Gavin R. G. (2002). "Gujarat". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). _Encyclopædia Iranica_. Vol.XI/4: Greece VIII–Hadith II. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp.385–390. ISBN978-0-933273-66-5. Firuzšāh Shah Toḡloq (752–90/1351–88) appointed as governor of Gujarat one of his most trusted lieutenants, Ẓafar Khan I, a Punjabi Khatri convert.

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  8. 8. ↑Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (2024). _Across the Green Sea: Histories from the Western Indian Ocean, 1440–1640_. University of Texas Press. p.60. ISBN978-1-4773-2879-8. The latter sultanate was founded by a former Tughluq governor, perhaps from a family of Punjabi Khatri converts, who took the title Muzaffar Shah in the early fifteenth century but reigned for only a short time.

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  9. 9. ↑Wink, André (2003). _Indo-Islamic Society: 14th–15th centuries_. Brill. p.143. ISBN978-90-04-13561-1. Zaffar Khan Muzaffar, the first independent ruler of Gujarat was not a foreign Muslim but a Khatri convert, of low subdivision called Tank, originally from southern Punjab.

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  10. 10. ↑Misra, S. C. (1963). _The Rise of Muslim Power in Gujarat; a history of Gujarat from 1298 to 1442_. New York, Asia Pub. House. p.137. Zafar Khan was not a foreign Muslim. He was a convert to Islam from a sect of the Khatris known as Tank.

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  11. 11. ↑Khan, Iqtidar Alam (2004). _Gunpowder and Firearms: Warfare in Medieval India_. Oxford University Press. p.57. ISBN978-0-19-566526-0. Zafar Khan (entitled Muzaffar Shah) himself was a convert to Islam from a sub-caste of the Khatris known as Tank.

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  12. 12. 1Kapadia, Aparna (2018). _Gujarat: The Long Fifteenth Century and the Making of a Region_. Cambridge University Press. p.8. ISBN978-1-107-15331-8. These men, a certain Saharan and his brother Sadhu, were, mostly likely peasants or pastoralists, non-Muslim Tank Rajputs from Thanesar in northwestern India (modern-day Haryana).

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  13. 13. ↑Stein, Burton (2010). _A History of India_. John Wiley & Sons. p.142. ISBN978-1-4051-9509-6. Ahmedabad in Gujarat received its great congregational mosque in 1423, though it had been a province of Delhi since 1297. It was built by Ahmad Shah, a converted Rajput, who, when governor, declared the province an independent sultanate in 1411.

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  14. 14. 1Misra, Satish Chandra (1982). _The Rise of Muslim Power in Gujarat: A History of Gujarat from 1298 to 1442_. Munshiram Manoharlal. p.138.

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  15. 15. ↑Siddiqui, Iqtidar Hussain (1999). "Social mobility in the Delhi sultanate". In Habib, Irfan (ed.). _Medieval India I: Essays in the History of India, 1200-1750_. Medieval India, Aligarh Muslim University. Centre of Advanced Study in History. Vol.1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.39. ISBN978-0-19-564658-0. Traditions which seventeenth-century writers incorporated in their works about the origin of the founders of the regional dynasties of Nagaur and Gujarat in the beginning of the fifteenth century not only shed light on the social mobility of low-caste converts to Islam but also hint that close contact with the Muslim élites could have attracted some Hindus towards Islam. According to these traditions, Zafar Khan, founder of the Sultanate of Gujarat and his brother, Shams Khan Dandani (who founded the principality of Nagaur), were the sons of Saharan, a member of the Kalal caste

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  16. 16. ↑Eaton, Richard Maxwell (2019). _India in the Persianate Age, 1000–1765_. Oakland: University of California Press. pp.119–120. ISBN978-0-520-32512-8.

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  17. 17. ↑Agnihotri, V. K. (1988). _Indian History_. Allied Publishers. pp.B-131. ISBN9788184245684.

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  18. 18. ↑Rizvi, S. A. A (1987). _The Wonder That Was India_. Allied Publishers. p.69. ISBN9788184245684. The independent kingdom of Gujarat was founded by Zafar Khan, son of Sadharan, a Jat convert to Islam.

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  19. 19. 1Majumdar, R.C. (2006). _The Delhi Sultanate_, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 155-7

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  20. 20. ↑Taylor 1902, pp.4.

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  21. 21. 1James Macnabb Campbell, ed. (1896). "MUSALMÁN GUJARÁT. (A.D. 1297–1760): Introduction) and II. Áhmedábád King. (A.D. 1403–1573.". _History of Gujarát_. Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency. Vol.I(II). The Government Central Press. pp.210–212, 236–270. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

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  22. 22. ↑Taylor 1902, pp.6.

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  23. 23. 1Majumdar, R.C. (2006). _The Delhi Sultanate_, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 157-60

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  24. 24. ↑Majumdar, R.C. (2006). _The Delhi Sultanate_, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 709-23

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  25. 25. ↑Majumdar, R.C. (2006). _The Delhi Sultanate_, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 160-1

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  26. 26. ↑Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). _A Historical atlas of South Asia_. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p.147, map XIV.3 (d). ISBN0226742210.

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  27. 27. ↑Majumdar, R.C. (2006). _The Delhi Sultanate_, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 162-7

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  28. 28. ↑Chaurasia 2002, pp.156.

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  29. 29. ↑Chaurasia 2002, pp.155.

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  30. 30. ↑Sharma 1954, p.18.

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  31. 31. ↑Chaube 1975, p.132-137.

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  32. 32. ↑Majumdar, R.C. (2006). _The Delhi Sultanate_, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 167-9

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  33. 33. ↑"The Cambridge History of the British Empire". CUP Archive. 26 July 2017 – via Google Books.

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  34. 34. ↑Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). _The Mughul Empire_, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN81-7276-407-1`{{isbn}}`: ignored ISBN errors (link), pp.391-8

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  35. 35. 1Lockley, Thomas; Girard, Geoffrey (2019). _African Samurai: The True Story of Yasuke, a Legendary Black Warrior in Feudal Japan_. Toronto: Hanover Square Press. pp.30, 174–176. ISBN978-1-335-14102-6. OCLC1091716966.

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  36. 36. ↑A., Nadri, Ghulam (2009). _Eighteenth-century Gujarat: the dynamics of its political economy, 1750-1800_. Leiden: Brill. p.10. ISBN9789004172029. OCLC568402132.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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  37. 37. ↑Shafqat, Arshia (23 November 2008). _Administration of Gujarat under the Mughals (A.D. 1572–1737)_ (Doctor of Philosophy in History thesis). Aligarh: Aligarh Muslim University.

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  38. 38. ↑Desai, Z. A. (March 1961). "Mirat-i-Sikandari as a Source for the Study of Cultural and Social Condition of Gujarat under the Sultanate (1403-1572)". In Sandesara, B. J. (ed.). _Journal Of Oriental Institute Baroda Vol.10_. Vol.X. Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. pp.235–240.

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  39. 39. ↑Amarji, Ranchodji (1882). _Tarikh I Sorath_. London: Education Society Press and Thacker & Co.

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  40. 40. ↑LAMBOURN, ELIZABETH A. (2010). "A Self-Conscious Art? Seeing Micro-Architecture in Sultanate South Asia". _Muqarnas_. **27**: 121–156. doi:10.1163/22118993_02701007. ISSN0732-2992. JSTOR25769695.

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  41. 41. ↑"The Shaking Minarets at Ahmedabad, drawn in 1809" 25 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine, British Library

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  42. 42. ↑Harle, 429-430

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  43. 43. ↑"Historic City of Ahmadabad". _UNESCO World Heritage Centre_. Archived from the original on 3 September 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2019.

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  44. 44. ↑. Worldheritagesite.org. Archived from the original on 6 October 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2012.

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  45. * Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2002). _History of Medieval India: From 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D._ Atlantic Publishers & Dist. ISBN978-81-269-0123-4.

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  46. * Chaube, J. (1975). _History of Gujarat Kingdom, 1458-1537_. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. ISBN9780883865736.

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