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Hampi

167 reference entries captured from the article’s notes and bibliography.

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These entries include all references extracted from this article, including works about architecture, origins and other subjects. They do not all support destruction claims. Bibliographic capture does not mean that the original work was read. Some references cite another bibliography entry rather than a URL.

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  1. 1. ↑The destruction and burning down of the city is evidenced by the quantities of charcoal, the heat-cracked basements and burnt architectural pieces found by archaeologists in Vijayanagara region.43

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  2. 2. ↑According to Anila Verghese and Dieter Eigner, literary and epigraphical data evidence the existence of Advaita-Smarta _mathas_ (monasteries), as well as Shaiva and Vaishnava monasteries – both Sri Vaishnavism and Dvaita Vaishnavism _mathas_. All these were supported by the Vijayanagara rulers. However, of all these only Advaita and Shaiva survived after the collapse of Vijayanagara.52

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  3. 3. ↑The Deccan region near Hampi, particularly in Pattadakal – another world heritage site, Badami, Aihole to its north and stretching further south towards Belur and Halebidu had a rich tradition of building sophisticated Hindu temples with a fusion of North Indian and South Indian styles. This was abruptly terminated, state Meister and Dhaky, after the first quarter of the 14th-century after the devastating invasions from the Delhi Sultanate. The South Indian artists and architects effected a recovery in Vijayanagara adopting mostly the Dravidian style.55

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  4. 4. ↑The Hampi builders also included Islamic style arches in fortified gateways at some places.

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  5. 5. ↑'s history, ruins and temples made it an early site for offbeat tourism in the 1960s and after. Tourists would gather on its hills and midst its ruins, to hold parties and spiritual retreats, and these have been called "Hampi Hippies" and Hampi as the "lost city" in some publications.145

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  6. 1. ↑Buradikatti, Kumar (19 November 2020). "Ballari set to lose Hampi and more". _The Hindu_.

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  7. 2. ↑"Group of Monuments at Hampi". World Heritage. Retrieved 20 December 2006.

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  8. 3. 1Anila Verghese 2002, pp.1–18

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  9. 4. ↑John M. Fritz; George Michell; Clare Arni (2001). _New Light on Hampi: Recent Research at Vijayanagara_. Marg Publications. pp.1–7. ISBN978-81-85026-53-4.

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  10. 5. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.11–23, backpage

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  11. 6. ↑Joan-Pau Rubiés (2002). _Travel and Ethnology in the Renaissance: South India Through European Eyes, 1250–1625_. Cambridge University Press. pp.234–236. ISBN978-0-521-52613-5.

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  12. 7. 1Michael C. Howard (2011). _Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction_. McFarland. pp.77–78. ISBN978-0-7864-8625-0.

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  13. 8. 1Nicholas F. Gier (2014). _The Origins of Religious Violence: An Asian Perspective_. Lexington. pp.11–14. ISBN978-0-7391-9223-8.

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  14. 9. 1Lycett, Mark T.; Morrison, Kathleen D. (2013). "The Fall of Vijayanagara Reconsidered: Political Destruction and Historical Construction in South Indian History 1". _Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient_. **56** (3): 433–470. doi:10.1163/15685209-12341314.

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  15. 10. 1Group of Monuments at Hampi, UNESCO

    Consulted source in this editionSource / catalogue ↗
  16. 11. ↑Verghese, Anila (2000). _Archaeology, Art and Religion: New Perspectives on Vijayanagara_. Oxford University Press. pp.vi–viii. ISBN978-0-19-564890-4.

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  17. 12. ↑KD Morrison and CM Sinopoli (2006), _Vijayanagara: Archaeological Explorations_, J. Fritz et al (eds.), VPR Monograph, Manohar, pages 423–434

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  18. 13. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.154–155.

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  19. 14. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.85–87.

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  20. 15. 1James Lochtefeld 2002, pp.503–505.

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  21. 16. 1David Kinsley 1988, pp.46–52, 42–44.

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  22. 17. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.14–15.

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  23. 18. 1Anila Verghese 2002, pp.6–7, 40, 92

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  24. 19. ↑D. Devakunjari (2007). _World Heritage Series: Hampi_. Eicher Goodearth Ltd., New Delhi – for Archaeological Survey of India. p.8. ISBN978-81-87780-42-7.

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  25. 20. 1Arnold P. Kaminsky; Roger D. Long (2016). _Nationalism and Imperialism in South and Southeast Asia_. Taylor & Francis. pp.75–76. ISBN978-1-351-99742-3.

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  26. 21. 1Burton Stein (1989). _The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara_. Cambridge University Press. pp.31–32. ISBN978-0-521-26693-2.

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  27. 22. ↑D. Devakunjari (2007). _World Heritage Series Hampi_. Eicher Goodearth Ltd., New Delhi - for Archaeological Survey of India. p.11. ISBN978-8187780427. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2012.

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  28. 23. 1D.V. Devaraj; C.S. Patil (1987). _Vijayanagara, Progress of Research_. Directorate of Archaeology & Museums. pp.112–113.

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  29. 24. ↑Abraham Eraly (2015). _The Age of Wrath: A History of the Delhi Sultanate_. Penguin Books. pp.155–157. ISBN978-93-5118-658-8.

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  30. 25. ↑Roshen Dalal (2002). _The Puffin History of India for Children, 3000 BC - AD 1947_. Penguin Books. p.195. ISBN978-0-14-333544-3.

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  31. 26. 1David M. Knipe (2015). _Vedic Voices: Intimate Narratives of a Living Andhra Tradition_. Oxford University Press. pp.38–39. ISBN978-0-19-026673-8.

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  32. 27. ↑B. L. Rice (2001). _Gazetteer of Mysore_. Asian Educational Services. pp.353–354. ISBN978-81-206-0977-8.

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  33. 28. ↑Robert Bradnock; Roma Bradnock (2000). _India Handbook_. McGraw-Hill. p.959. ISBN978-0-658-01151-1.

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  34. 29. 1Burton Stein (1989). _The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara_. Cambridge University Press. pp.18–19. ISBN978-0-521-26693-2.

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  35. 30. ↑Cynthia Talbot (2001). _Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra_. Oxford University Press. pp.281–282. ISBN978-0-19-803123-9.

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  36. 31. ↑Mary Storm (2015). _Head and Heart: Valour and Self-Sacrifice in the Art of India_. Taylor & Francis. p.311. ISBN978-1-317-32556-7.

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  37. 32. ↑Kanhaiya L Srivastava (1980). _The position of Hindus under the Delhi Sultanate, 1206-1526_. Munshiram Manoharlal. p.202. ISBN9788121502245.

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  38. 33. ↑David Gilmartin; Bruce B. Lawrence (2000). _Beyond Turk and Hindu: Rethinking Religious Identities in Islamicate South Asia_. University Press of Florida. pp.300–306, 321–322. ISBN978-0-8130-3099-9.

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  39. 34. 1Sewell, Robert (1900). _A Forgotten Empire_ (1924 Reprint ed.). George Allen & Unwin.

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  40. 35. ↑Sastri 1955

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  41. 36. ↑N. Ventakaramanayya, _The Early Muslim expansion in South India_, 1942; B. Surya Narayana Rao, _History of Vijayanagar_, 1993

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  42. 37. ↑Kamath 2001, pp.157–160

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  43. 38. 1Murthy, HV Sreenivasa; Ramakrishnan, R (1982). _History of Karnataka_. S Chand. p.148.

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  44. 39. ↑Rene J. Barendse (2016). _The Arabian Seas: The Indian Ocean World of the Seventeenth Century: The Indian Ocean World of the Seventeenth Century_. Taylor & Francis. p.68. ISBN978-1-317-45835-7.

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  45. 40. ↑Hermann Kulke; Dietmar Rothermund (2004). _A History of India_. Routledge. p.191. ISBN978-0-415-32920-0.

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  46. 41. ↑Eaton 2006, pp.98

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  47. 42. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, p.23.

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  48. 43. ↑Verghese, Anila (2004). "Deities, cults and kings at Vijayanagara". _World Archaeology_. **36** (3): 416–431. doi:10.1080/1468936042000282726812a. S2CID162319660.

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  49. 44. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, p.51.

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  50. 45. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.50–51.

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  51. 46. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.52–53.

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  52. 47. ↑J.M. Fritz & George Michell 2001.

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  53. 48. ↑"Group of Monuments at Hampi, Karnataka – Archaeological Survey of India". Asi.nic.in. Retrieved 11 August 2015.

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  54. 49. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.13–14.

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  55. 50. ↑, Archaeological Survey of India

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  56. 51. 1Burton Stein (1989). _The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara_. Cambridge University Press. pp.31–39. ISBN978-0-521-26693-2.

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  57. 52. 1Verghese, Anila; Eigner, Dieter (1998). "A Monastic Complex in Vithalapura, Hampi Vijayanagara". _South Asian Studies_. **14** (1): 127–140. doi:10.1080/02666030.1998.9628555.

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  58. 53. 1Fritz, John M. (1986). "Vijayanagara: Authority and Meaning of a South Indian Imperial Capital". _American Anthropologist_. **88** (1): 44–55. doi:10.1525/aa.1986.88.1.02a00030. S2CID143926888.

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  59. 54. 1Anila Verghese 2002, pp.20–22.

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  60. 55. 1Michael W. Meister & Madhusudan A. Dhaky 1996, pp.xvii–xviii.

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  61. 56. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.18–22.

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  62. 57. ↑Anila Verghese 2000, pp.1–12.

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  63. 58. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.58–65.

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  64. 59. ↑National Geographic (2008). _Sacred Places of a Lifetime: 500 of the World's Most Peaceful and Powerful Destinations_. National Geographic Society. pp.123–124. ISBN978-1-4262-0336-7.

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  65. 60. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.38–42.

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  66. 61. ↑Michael W. Meister & Madhusudan A. Dhaky 1996, pp.21–23, 91–92.

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  67. 62. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.58–65, 155.

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  68. 63. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.60–63.

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  69. 64. 1Dallapiccola, A.L.; Verghese, Anila (2001). "The 'Ramanuja temple' in Vitthalapura, Hampi". _South Asian Studies_. **17** (1): 109–116. doi:10.1080/02666030.2001.9628595. S2CID191354648.

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  70. 65. 1Mack, Alexandra (2004). "One Landscape, Many Experiences: Differing Perspectives of the Temple Districts of Vijayanagara". _Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory_. **11** (1): 59–81. doi:10.1023/b:jarm.0000014617.58744.1d. S2CID143695706.

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  71. 66. ↑Cooper, Ilay (1997). "Vijayanagar or Victoria? The Ceiling of the Virupaksha Temple at Hampi". _South Asian Studies_. **13** (1): 67–69. doi:10.1080/02666030.1997.9628526.

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  72. 67. 1Dallapiccola, A.L. (1997). "Ceiling Paintings in the Virupaksha Temple, Hampi". _South Asian Studies_. **13** (1): 55–66. doi:10.1080/02666030.1997.9628525.

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  73. 68. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, p.63.

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  74. 69. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, p.64.

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  75. 70. ↑George Michell 1977, pp.150–151.

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  76. 71. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.62–66.

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  77. 72. ↑Adam Hardy 1995, pp.130–131, 330.

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  78. 73. ↑"5 reasons why getting an 'elephant blessing' in India is unethical". 24 April 2019.

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  79. 74. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.70–72.

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  80. 75. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.70–71.

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  81. 76. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.47–48.

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  82. 77. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.105–107.

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  83. 78. ↑S. Settar (1990). _Hampi, a Medieval Metropolis_. Kala Yatra. pp.25–27. OCLC24461300.

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  84. 79. ↑James Mallinson and Daniela Bevilacqua (2016), The Hatha Yoga Project, SOAS, University of London

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  85. 80. ↑K. M. Suresh (1998). _Sculptural Art of Hampi_. Directorate of Archaeology and Museums. pp.190–195.

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  86. 81. ↑Anila Verghese (1996). DV Devaraj, CS Patil (ed.). _Vijayanagara, Progress of Research_. Directorate of Archaeology & Museums. pp.179–191.

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  87. 82. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.47–49.

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  88. 83. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.98–103.

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  89. 84. ↑Prasad, Shyam S (25 October 2014). "A Mistake of Elephantine Proportions". Bangalore Mirror news. Times group. Retrieved 12 November 2020.

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  90. 85. ↑Patil, Hemant A.; Gajbhar, Shrishail S. (2012). "Acoustical analysis of musical pillar of great stage of Vitthala temple at Hampi, India". _2012 International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM)_. IEEE. pp.1–5. doi:10.1109/spcom.2012.6290213. ISBN978-1-4673-2014-6. S2CID6715610.

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  91. 86. ↑Kumar, Anish; Jayakumar, T.; Rao, C. Babu; et al. (2008). "Nondestructive characterization of musical pillars of Mahamandapam of Vitthala Temple at Hampi, India". _The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America_. **124** (2): 911–917. Bibcode:2008ASAJ..124..911K. doi:10.1121/1.2945170. PMID18681583.

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  92. 87. ↑Reddy, G.Venkatramana (2010). _Alayam - The Hindu temple - An epitome of Hindu Culture_. Mylapore, Chennai: Sri Ramakrishna Math. pp.31, 32. ISBN978-81-7823-542-4.

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  93. 88. 1Alexandra Mack (2001). "The temple district of Vitthalapura". _Marg: A Magazine of the Arts_. **53** (1): 24–39.

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  94. 89. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.66–69.

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  95. 90. 1Anila Verghese 2002, pp.37–39.

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  96. 91. 1George Michell 1995, pp.28–29.

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  97. 92. ↑Vinayak Bharne & Krupali Krusche 2014, pp.72–74.

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  98. 93. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.68–69.

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  99. 94. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.27, 36–37.

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  100. 95. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.36–37.

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  101. 96. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.84–86.

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  102. 97. ↑Anna Libera Dallapiccola (1992). _The Ramachandra Temple at Vijayanagara_. American Institute of Indian Studies. pp.1–19. ISBN978-81-85425-27-6.

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  103. 98. ↑Anna L Dallapiccola (1996). DV Devaraj, CS Patil (ed.). _Vijayanagara, Progress of Research_. Directorate of Archaeology & Museums. pp.128–134.

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  104. 99. 1Roger Töpelmann (1990). _Indien in Deutschland: Darmstädter Beiträge zum Diskurs über indische Religion, Kultur und Gesellschaft_ (in German). P. Lang. pp.273–278. ISBN978-3-631-42335-6.

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  105. 100. ↑Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). _India through the ages_. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p.178.

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  106. 101. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.108–109.

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  107. 102. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.93–94.

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  108. 103. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.73–74.

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  109. 104. ↑K. M. Suresh (1998). _Sculptural Art of Hampi_. Directorate of Archaeology and Museums. pp.84–87.

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  110. 105. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.88–89.

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  111. 106. 1Anna Libera Dallapiccola; Anila Verghese (1998). _Sculpture at Vijayanagara: Iconography and Style_. Manohar Publishers. pp.2–3, 27–28, 91–95. ISBN978-81-7304-232-4.

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  112. 107. ↑The memoirs of the Portuguese who visited and traded with Vijayanagara mention it.53

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  113. 108. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.88–90.

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  114. 109. ↑Anna Dallapiccola (2010). _Great Platform at Vijayanagara: Architecture & Sculpture_. Manohar. pp.1–9. ISBN978-8173048586.

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  115. 110. ↑G Michell (1986). "Chapter: Folk tradition in the Monumental Setting: Sculptures on the Great Platform at Vijayanagara". In Lokesh Chandra; Jyotindra Jain; et al. (eds.). _Dimensions of Indian Art_. Agam Kala Prakashan. pp.101–104.

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  116. 111. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, p.91.

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  117. 112. 1Michell, George (1985). "Vijayanagara: the architectural record". _South Asian Studies_. **1** (1): 19–41. doi:10.1080/02666030.1985.9628330.

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  118. 113. ↑D. Fairchild Ruggles (2013). "At the Margins of Architectural and Landscape History". _Muqarnas_. **30** (1): 95–117. doi:10.1163/22118993-0301P0006.

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  119. 114. ↑Dominic J. Davison-Jenkins (1997). _The Irrigation and Water Supply Systems of Vijayanagara_. Manohar. pp.1–12. ISBN978-81-7304-031-3. OCLC879239921.

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  120. 115. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, p.65.

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  121. 116. ↑Roger Dunn (2005), Photographs of Hampi, India, Bridgewater Review, 24(1), pp. 15–18

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  122. 117. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, p.90.

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  123. 118. ↑Kathleen Morrison Carla Sinopoli (1991), _Archaeological Survey in the Vijayangara Metropolitan Region: 1990_, in Vijayanagara: Progress of Research, Editors: DV Devaraj, CS Patil, pages 67–69

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  124. 119. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, p.74.

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  125. 120. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, p.30.

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  126. 121. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.82–83.

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  127. 122. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.70–72.

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  128. 123. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.77–78.

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  129. 124. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.77–81.

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  130. 125. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.68–70.

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  131. 126. 1Anila Verghese 2002, p.49.

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  132. 127. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, pp.102–103.

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  133. 128. ↑Rao, Nalini (19 July 2016). "Royal religious beneficence in pre-modern India: social and political implications". _International Journal of Dharma Studies_. **4** (1): 7–19. doi:10.1186/s40613-016-0030-z.

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  134. 129. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, p.95.

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  135. 130. ↑Anila Verghese 2002, pp.57–58.

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  136. 131. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, p.73.

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  137. 132. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, p.104.

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  138. 133. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, p.96.

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  139. 134. ↑"Jain: Hampi". Archived from the original on 30 October 2018. Retrieved 11 August 2016.

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  140. 135. ↑Fritz & Michell 2016, p.83.

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  141. 136. ↑Smith, Alan (1999). "Rock-cut Features at Vijayanagara". _South Asian Studies_. **15** (1): 41–46. doi:10.1080/02666030.1999.9628564.

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  142. 137. ↑H. T. Talwar (1997). _Jaina Art and Architecture at Vijayanagara, Hampi_. Directorate of Archaeology and Museums, Government of Karnataka. pp.15–21. OCLC40418652.

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  143. 138. ↑John Fritz; George Michell (1991). Kapila Vatsyayan (ed.). _Concepts of Space, Ancient and Modern_. Abhinav. pp.198–199. ISBN978-81-7017-252-9.

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  144. 139. 1Fritz & Michell 2016, p.97.

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  145. 140. ↑Carla M. Sinopoli (2003). _The Political Economy of Craft Production: Crafting Empire in South India, c.1350–1650_. Cambridge University Press. pp.146–149. ISBN978-1-139-44074-5.

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