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Chakrasvamin shrine, historical Thanesar

Al-Biruni identifies the bronze Chakrasvamin image taken from Thanesar to Ghazni; other accounts describe the raid.

Thanesar — city-level marker · Haryana

LAST DOCUMENTED CONDITION

Not established

As documented: date not established
LOCATION PRECISION

Approximate locality

29.9670°, 76.8170° · not a surveyed footprint

How to read this history

AI-assisted source review: 2026-09-28. Independent specialist review: not completed.

The recorded chronology

Selected episodes. Rebuilding and later changes are distinguished from damage.

  1. Looting · intentional causeOpen this episode on the map ↗

    Early eleventh century AD · commonly dated 1011–1014 AD

    The accounts describe Mahmud’s raid on Thanesar and the removal of its principal image. Al-Biruni identifies the bronze image at Ghazni as Chakrasvamin of Thanesar.

    eventAttributed · further checking needed

    The accounts describe Mahmud’s raid on Thanesar and the removal of its principal image. Al-Biruni identifies the bronze image at Ghazni as Chakrasvamin of Thanesar.

    Chronological reconstructions differ; this range represents competing datings of one raid, not four years of continuous damage. Image removal does not establish complete demolition of a known surviving building.

    dateAttributed · further checking needed

    Early eleventh century · commonly dated 1011–1014

    actorAttributed · further checking needed

    Mahmud of Ghazni’s forces

Location & last documented condition

locationSupported in consulted sources

Approximate locality; not a surveyed historic footprint.

present conditionUnknown

Present physical condition has not been established in this review.

Source context

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References are discovery leads unless marked as consulted.

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